WHAT DO THE EXPERTS SAY?
Would pristine human and dinosaur fossil footprints found together in the same ancient rock layer disprove evolution of life from a common ancestor?
The answer to the above question is a resounding yes as the following evolutionary scientists admit.
Richard Dawkins, of Oxford has this to say
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"alleged human bones in the Carboniferous coal deposits. If authenticated as human, these bones would blow the theory of evolution out of the water." (Free Inquiry, V.21, No.4, 10/11/2001) |
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"There is an infinite variety of ways in which, since 1859, the general concept of evolution might have been demolished. Consider the fossil record--a little known resource in Darwin's day. The unequivocal discovery of a fossil population of horses in Precambrian rocks would disprove evolution. More generally, any topsy-turvy sequence of fossils would force us to rethink our theory, yet not a single one has come to light. As Darwin recognized, a single geographic inconsistency would have nearly the same power of destruction." (The New Evolutionary Timetable, 1981, p.171) |
From a NOVA TV Special,"God, Darwin And The Dinosaurs,
"...dinosaur footprints, side by side with humans. Finding them would counter evidence that humans evolved long after the dinosaurs became extinct and back up...[the] claim that all species, including man, were created at one time."
Ernst Mayr of Harvard has this to say,
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"Creationists have stated that humans and dinosaurs were contemporaries in time...Were this momentous statement true the names of its discoverers would thunder down the corridors of time as individuals who made one of the most outstanding discoveries of the twentieth century." (Gish-Mayr Debate, Evansville, Indiana.) |
Niles Eldridge,of the American Museum of Natural History has this to say
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"We have been looking at the fossil record as a general test of the notion that life has evolved: to falsify that general idea, we would have to show that forms of life we considered more advanced appear earlier than the simpler forms." (Monkey Business, p.46, 1982) |
Louis Jacobs of Southern Methodist University has this to say,
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Former President of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, "co-occurrence of men and dinosaurs. Such an association would dispel an Earth with vast antiquity. The entire history of creation, including the day of rest, could be accommodated in the seven biblical days of the Genesis myth. Evolution would be vanquished." (In Quest of the African Dinosaur, p.261) |
Since these eminant scientists have now determined a way to falsify evolution, It is imperative that we examine some of the evidence found over the past century that do in fact claim that man and dinosaur footprints are found in the same rock layers.
INTRODUCTION TO THE EVIDENCE FOR DINOSAUR AND HUMAN FOOTPRINTS:
The study of footprints and other trace fossils in ancient rocks is called Ichnology. The footprints, worm holes etc. are called Ichnites. Humans, or for that matter other species do not leave perfect ichnites in the matrix in which they are moving such as sand, mud, dust, volcanic ash etc. Limey mud for example (mostly calcium carbonate, a hardening agent) will harden fairly quickly into limestone just like modern concrete. Sometimes humans may have worn a type of sandal like possibly the famous Laetoli Africa footprints in ash where only the best footprint in the two short trails showed only two toes rather than distinct toe tips as in many of the pristine fossil human footprints with dinosaurs on the Paluxy River ledges under tons of rock. An expert on human feet variability, anthropologist Dr. Louise M. Robbins had to be flown to Africa to identify the Laetoli prints. She verified them as human, based on their aspect ratios (length/width at flange, length/width at heel, toe angle etc.). They were dated by the highly questionable Potassium/Argon method at 3.5 million years.
However, the most controversial footprints are those discovered in the Paluxy River, Glen Rose TX, USA. They are mainly controversial because they are found with dinosaur footprints which of course upsets everything man thought he know about origins, namely the hypothesis that we humans have arrived here on earth through a process of evolution from a bacterium to fish to amphibians to apes after which we split off from the apes to become human. All this happening perhaps over billions of years. The timeline for the apes to man, with hands for feet, was supposedly seven million years before the present (BP) with dinosaurs having become extinct about 65 million years earlier. See the problem? Dinosaurs with humans can not be true says main stream scientists who were taught evolution theory from childhood.
Dinosaur footprints have been observed in the Paluxy River since the early 1900's. They were finally rediscovered in 1938 by self taught paleontologist Raymond T. Bird [1899-1978] after a 100 year flood. Bird became famous for his discoveries in Dinosaur Valley Texas and the Paluxy River as he motorcycled around on his Harley Davidson looking for dinosaur footprints. He and other scientists had no problem with accepting the two legged and four legged footprints as having been made by dinosaurs. Yet when man sees footprints resembling his own feet intermingling with the dinosaurian ones it suddenly becomes a huge controversy. So, there are supporters, detractors, and those who say they are too ambiguous to discern as to whether they are human. There are even some evolutionary scientists in academia who think the human-like prints are so convincing they must have been made by aliens.ÃÂ In this the 21st century evolutionists are now trying to tell us that birds evolved from dinosaurs. As you see, there is something for everyone to be concerned about.
So what will you see in the photos below? There will be both pristine dinosaur and human footprints together in the second strata on the Paluxy River ledge of cretaceous limestone allegedly 108 million years old but dated at 12,800 to 37,500 years BP by the C-14 method. Why the second strata? Answer: There is only one trail of five, three toes dinosaur footprints on the top strata and NO human-like ones for a 400 ft long and 15 feet wide strip of the Paluxy River ledge. So Carl Baugh asked permission of the land owner to remove the top strata incrementally over the years except for the dinosaur trail. The remaining three or more strata down to the river bottom have NOT been explored. Over the top strata is soil and trees along the Paluxy River bank heading up gradually about 15 feet to Highway 205. The ichnites of both species have been excavated on the second strata; the ones in the river bottom are generally covered by two to three feet of water. Why have not the other four strata been explored or why have not the footprints heading under the top soil been excavated? Answer: Soil, river bank and road bed conservation by the landowner are some of the given reasons.
Some of the 100 or so fossil human footprints and one handprint that have been excavated since 1982 under tons of cretaceous limestone of the Paluxy River property belonging to the McFall Ranch are shown and discussed below. The photographs are the courtesy of chemist Hugh R. Miller and his sons, Kevin and family, Brian and Matt and a daughter Lisa Capetillo and other volunteer excavators. Along with hundreds of other witnesses they have participated at different times in these excavations with or without archaeologist Carl Baugh, the director of the Creation Evidence Museum (CEM). His museum is on RT 205 by the bridge over the Paluxy River about five miles SW from Glen Rose TX. Be sure to visit the Creation Evidences Museum and the Dinosaur State Park when in the area.
The main controversy is actually about the Taylor trail of 14 human-like footprints in the river about 100 yards south of the McFall ledges that appear to weave in and out of a dinosaur trail (s) about which a film, Footprints in Stone was produced in the 1970's. Thanks to paleontologist Joe Taylor (no relation to the river bottom Taylor Trail film) and geologist Don Patton's team the Taylor trail was molded in the late 1990's during a severe draught; and, were cast by Joe Taylor for the Glendive Montana Dinosaur and Fossil Museum about 2007 as an open exhibit for all to see.
While reviewing the evidence, keep in mind these facts:
(1) Dinosaur bone collagen and/or the calcium carbonate fraction of dinosaur bones from Texas (Paluxy River) to Alaska (Colville River) have been C-14 dated in the range of 23,000 to 33,000 C-14 years.
(2) those C-14 dating years may be several times too old due to inherent problems with C-14 dating theory.
(3) Burnt wood imbedded in the bottom of the Paluxy river was dated at 12,800 years and carbonized wood specimens in the 3 inches of clay between the limestone strata at 37,500 C-14 years BP. Yet main stream scientists's dating methods suggest the strata is 108 Million years BP.
(4) Research studies unavailable until 2008 demonstrate conclusively that the fossil human footprints such as the Delk and Burdick ichnites have been validated by the use of cat-scans. The same type of equipment employed to diagnose human illnesses is used. Cat-scans of such fossil rock impressions from the Cretaceous rock strata, allegedly 108 million years old are used to differentiate more dense material like bones from soft tissue or more dense solidified mud.
Cat-scans can also show cross sections of a foot impression and reveal the difference in density at different points along the footprint impression. Charges have been made that footprints have been carved by those wanting to prove their particular point of view. A cat scan can reveal the different densities along a footprint impression. When a human puts weight on their feet there is different pressure applied in different parts of the foot area. For example the initial pressure and usually the highest pressure is when the heel first strikes the ground. The mid part of the foot has less pressure. When the ball of the foot strikes the ground and then pushes forward that part of the foot also has more pressure than the mid part of the foot. Thus one can now examine a footprint and see if the density of the hardened material changes along the footprint area. Then if the density change match that which would result from a human gait, then you know that this is a real foot print and not something carved into an existing stone. That is exactly what can be done and has been done recently with cat scans of the footprints. This is a very new scientific method that can now be used that was not available in the past. Cat-scan technology has also been used in the last few years to study dinosaur bones incased in rock etc as well, so this new technology can be used to solve past controversies.
(5)Sedimentology lab and flume studies as also published in book, Evolution: The demise of an hypothesis by the National Research Council of Italy has shown that sediments can be deposited and harden very quickly. If this were not the case then rain, wind, floods, baking sun etc. would soon destroy any footprints. This is solid evidence that the hardened footprints were made during the same short time interval.
This page only discusses footprints our group has been involved with at the Paluxy river. There are many other places in the world where human and dinosaur footprints have occured. For a discussion another set of footprints you can go to this website. or this website. for information on the famous ÃâDelkÃâ dinosaur and human footprints discovered at another time and place near the Paluxy river.
There have been 100 or so Ãâpristine human footprintsÃâ and 300 or so fossil dinosaur footprints exposed by dozens of excavations on the McFall ledges along the Paluxy River. These human footprints were in very close proximity to dinosaur footprints.
The above four photos were taken at the excavation On the Cretaceous Rock ledges along the Paluxy River, five miles S.W. of Glen Rose Texas along Rt. 202. It is 2 miles S.W. of the bridge spanning the Paluxy River & the Creation Evidences Museum. The city of Glen Rose is 65 miles S.W. of Dallas - Ft. Worth Metro area on Rt. 67. The above photos were taken during the annual five day early July 2004 excavation; in recent years a team of four or five men prepare the chosen site every year generally by removing the top rock by back hoe before the volunteers arrive. In 1982 when the first discoveries were made the rocks were generally removed by pneumatic drills, crow-bars and car jacks.
Top left: The River bank extends about 12 feet above the limestone rock strata where fossil human and dinosaur footprint impressions are found together.
Top right: Father and son volunteers are shown excavating through 3 inches of clay that exists between the 12 inch thick limestone rock, thought to have deposited rapidly by two huge tides each day only perhaps only 1000's of years before the present (BP) based on C-14 dating of carbonized wood fossils between the limestone strata.
Bottom left: Generally about 40 volunteers arrive from the Museum in car caravans and park along the side of Rt. 202 and leave about 1-2 PM when the temperature often rises to over 100 F.
Bottom right: Garden tools are generally used to remove most of the clay from the footprint containing rock strata. The wooden tips of paint brushes are then used to loosen the last bit of clay from the rock. When a depression is found one of the experienced team leaders associated with the museum is called in to help remove the last bit of clay followed by the archaeologist who carefully removes any residual clay and identifies the impression whether a dinosaur, man or just an unusual contour.
FIGURE 2. This 11 inch long fossil human footprint impression shown above was excavated on July 6, 1983 by Dr. Carl Baugh who then lived in Missouri. Hugh Miller and sons Kevin, Brian and Matt Miller along with Jeff Green drove from Columbus Ohio to participate from July 4 to July 6. Jeff is a nephew of Flavil Miller who in 1983 lived in Byesville OH and was the founder and president of the Creation Research Science Education Foundation that sponsored this expedition in 1983. This footprint is the third ichnite in a trail of five excavated from 1983 and 1988. It was the best of the five showing distinct toe tips, distinct heel prints, and aspect ratios characteristic of the human foot.
BACKGROUND: Hugh Miller, chemist and geophysicist Dr. John Devilbiss, geophysicist had evaluated a fossil human hand print excavated and cut out of the rock in the fall of 1982. After studying and photographing it they returned it to Carl Baugh. It was associated with a footprint trail of 12 human footprints, each about 16 inches long, some with distinct toe tips. Apparently the person reached down to pick up something and balanced himself with his right hand in the limey mud. The hand impression is large and appears proportional to the height of a 7 foot tall NBA basketball player. See the handprint photo below in Figures 3 and Figure 4 for this intriguing ichnite which was removed by sawing out the 12 inch thick block of limestone. It is on exhibit at the Creation Evidence Museum along the Paluxy River near Glen Rose Texas.
FIGURE 3. This right handprint in cretaceous limestone was so unique and so obviously human that the archaeologist in charge of the excavation was given permission by the land owner to remove this ichnite for further evaluation. The measurements are in Figure 4 and the details a bit more clear. The person making the impression apparently balanced himself with his right hand when reaching for something with his left as the thumb is stretched out as is the little finger.
FIGURE 4. This is the original crude sketch of the hand print in Cretaceous limestone. The measurement details were taken the same day of the evaluation of the actual ichnite. Note the flange or fleshy part of the hand print on the left with the thumb and little finger fully extended. The 8 inch long archedÃÂ hand from tip of middle finger to end of palm is roughly proportional to this person's 16 inch long foot or 2:1::16:8 inches. Of course no two persons would have the same 2:1 proportion. This writer's hand when in a weight supportive arched position has a foot length to arched hand of 10.5:6 or only 1.75:1.
The person making the hand impression apparently balanced himself with his right hand when reaching for something in the mud with his left as the thumb is stretched out as is the little finger and the fleshy portion of the palm; the other three fingers just show the tips. There is a distinct arc or ridge of mud pushed up between the thumb and small finger as might be expected. Bracing oneself with on hand is a typical human reaction. Later as you scroll down you will see another probable hand print but fully extended. You can practice placing you own hand on your desk and you will see the obvious resemblance between your hand and that of the ichnite hand impression, summarized as follows: (1) distinct tip of thumb (2) distinct bend at joint between little finger and flange of the hand (3) The middle finger tip is the longest of the five fingers (4) size proportionality with the trail of 12, 16 inch long footprints. (5) mud-up-push between the flange of the thumb and little finger. Did we miss any?
FIGURE 5. This is a view of three human footprint impressions left in limy mud, now rock, for a 10.5 to 11 inch long human foot. It heads towards the river and was about 60 feet from the trail with hand print impressed in the original mud left by a person with 16 inch long feet. Note that the footprint impressions also show that the human was off balance in the mud as well as the dinosaur [also view Figure 6].
In studying the human trail excavated in 1983 and continued in 1988 it was concluded that: (1) The human's first footprint flush to the river bank (Marked # 1 on left of photo) was a distinct slide-in in the original limy mud with the left foot, leaving no toe impressions. (2) In order to regain balance his right foot crossed over his left foot and left shallow toe impressions and then (3) He regained his balance and made a solid high quality left footprint including all five toe tips, a distinct heel as shown on the Plaster of Paris mold with the large or "Great" toe exactly twice the width as each of the other four toes. These aspects for the impressions in stone are just like the modern human foot. Take off your shoes and socks and check 'them out. The middle of the #2 print was wiped out by the dinosaur tail balancing or slash impression. This was most difficult scenario to understand but by viewing and taking photos from atop of an elevated back hoe machine we were able to make more clear observations.
You may ask why didn't we remove the next six feet of top rock? The landowner would not allow us to do so as we would have had to remove the root system of a large tree as well as the tree itself. This beautiful tree keeps the river back from erosion as do other trees and brush. The solution to that knotty problem is simply to raise sufficient funds to move the tree and replant it elsewhere and/or build a concrete flood embankment about 15 or so feet nearer the road. Or better still, move the road! If the Texas authorities wish to increase the tourist trade, moving the road would most certainly be a win-win situation for all.
DETAILS: There was a fourth and fifth human "indicator" print beyond the quality print impression toward the river. We did not notice the but that is apparently why the archaeologist chose this spot to dig when we were there in July of 1983. He made a prediction that there could be other footprints and there were three other ones [July 6, 1983 and July 1988]. This is what good scientists do: They observe, make a prediction, and then go check it out. In this case they went to see if there were other prints! Eureka!!! When evolutionists find human and ape-like bones in strata why don't they C-14 date bone fragments like archaeologists tend to do rather than date the rocks some many miles away? Is it perhaps because they get many very old dates like 3.5 million years instead of in the 1000's of years?
ANOTHER ICHNITE IN THE SAME TRAIL: Joe Taylor of Mount Blanco Fossil Museum of Crosbyton TX and a group of Japanese scientists and film crew uncovered another 11 inch long impression about six feet away going in towards the river bank. It was also a slide-in and left only two toe tips. The Japanese paleontologist, who was a Buddhist, was very impressed. A few years later we learned and obtained a video of a presentation on Nationwide Japanese TV of this controversy.
Another indication that this print was made by a human is the fact that the stride for this 11 inch long trail was only 18 inches from heel to heel whereas the dinosaur one was almost 60 inches at one point even though it was only 17 inches from middle toe to heel. Dinosaur trail footprints are generally in a straight line; humans will curve and make crossovers etc.
FIGURE 6. This is a similar photo as in Figure 5. The picture should have been labeled TAIL BALANCING SLASH. The next dinosaur footprint was a normal one with three distinct toes. The dinosaur had apparently regained its balance and there were also no more tail balances required. The human trail was labeled BEV on this old photo which was changed later on to Sir. George.
FIGURE 7. This 13.5 inch discontinuous ClarkÃÂ human footprint was excavated in January 1987 about 150 yards upstream, about two or three feet above the River. A distinct 17 inch long dinosaur footprint was uncovered a month later in the presence of 20 some invited volunteers to view this one and continue the excavation. Unfortunately no more fossil human footprints were found this is why it is called discontinuous.ÃÂ Other Clark prints have been found including another one in 1989 but back at the original site 150 yards down river.
FIGURE 8a. These rough sketches in a grid of one foot/square were made in 1982-1984 by the archaeologist, Carl Baugh who is pictured above left, pointing to the toe tips of a 16 inch long human footprint impression and the toes of an adjacent dinosaur foot impression. The human one was part of an ichnite trail of 12, 16 inch long human footprints with dinosaurian ones which were excavated in 1982 (see bottom right panel); some were excavated in the presence of Dallas/Ft. Worth news TV media who flew in by helicopter. Other excavations are also noted for 1983 and 1984 which will be explained in due course. For example: When we arrived on July 4, 1983. we visited the site, with the land owner's permission, and saw the giant" 24 inch long footprint trail of 4.5 human footprints noted in the second panel up and along the right side of the sketch. Needless to say were shocked but later learned they had been discovered the previous week. We joined Carl Baugh on July 5 and excavated a third impression in step with the two 11 inch footprints he had found the previous week heading toward the river with the giant prints. So here were two trails added to the one found in 1982. Two or more footprints in a left right sequence are sufficient to identify the species making the ichnite impressions. Thus in comparing our feet with the impressions we viewed it was obvious they were made by a fellow human without having to make aspect ratio measurements. Nonetheless, we made those measurements when preparing a technical paper for peer review.
FIGURE 8b. This is an enlargement of the right bottom right panel of Figure 8a. It shows the close proximity of a dinosaur footprint (arrow) and is the sketch of the photo from the upper left hand corner of Figure 8a. There were 12 elongate, Human-like footprints making an arc. Dinosaurs normally walk in a straight line from our experience. When another team tried to follow the trail downriver to the right by removing more of the top rock both the dinosaur and human footprint trails became discontinuous like in Figure 7. Fortunately not all was lost in the 1989 excavation as one 13.5 long human impression like in Figure 7 and two dinosaur footprints were found in what appeared to be a slight depression that prevented the limey mud from setting up hard. See Figure 9.
FIGURE 9: Discontinuous Clark trail human footprint on the left with distinct toe tips, good arch and heel with mud pushed into the arch by a probable dinosaur impression. The dinosaur impression left NO sharp definitive toes or claws (there might be a claw impression on the middle toe). Even dinosaurs were slipping and sliding off balance as was shown in Photos (5) and (6) as well.
FIGURE 11. Montague of photos from 1987 and 1989 excavation: Bottom photo shows team from 1989 excavation clearing the three inches of clay from the second strata with paint brushes as we approached within an inch or so of the rock surface. The next photo is the same as Figure 9 but with the third dinosaur footprint in the photo. The upper right photo is the same as Figure 7. The dinosaur impression was the best we have excavated on the Paluxy River McFall Ledge. It was almost too perfect and was excavated about three feet from the discontinuous Clark human print. Subsequent photos will appear in the near future of this important excavation. performed in April of 1988 by the team of Dr. John Devilbiss, Buddy Davis, Gil Novaez and team.
FIGURE 12: HANDPRINT EXCAVATED IN NORTH CENTRAL TEXAS DURING A CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY AND GIVEN TO CREATION EVIDENCES MUSEUM. As field paleontologist Joe Taylor wrote:
" A CT-Scan shows compression of the laminations in the rock under the hand print. I personally examined the actual print on April 18. Aside from the striking fact that it is obviously human, the surface texture of the palm area would be practically impossible to scuplt. When a latex mold was removed from it, the nail from the second finger was imprinted since this area was recessed, it is very unlikely that it would have been carved, even if the carver thought of it. The web between the thumb and the index finger is apparent. Again, unlikkly that a good carver would think of that.
One thing that struck me was the surface above and in front of the print. It is raised in in an arc just as one would expect from a sudden jolt, but the glazed surface of the palm and fingers which looks like a thin patina, is in my estimation,not a likely carving.
The limestone in that is cretaceous in designation and in evolutionary years any age from 70 to 120 million years.
REFERENCE
Mt. Blanco Fossil Museum PO Box 550, Crosbyton TX 79322 (806) 675-7777 www.mtnlanco.com
FIGURE 13: Discovered and taken out in 1950s at what is now the "park ledge" in Dinosaur Valley State Park, Texas
FIGURE 14: Burdick footprint
FIGURE 15: Adams footprint: Adams-Moore Print: During the Depression, George "Bull" Adams carved some very authentic-looking dinosaur prints, and decided to make one attempt at a human print. The resulting work drew local attention.But when an official from the Smithsonian I titute came looking fort it, Mr. Adams buried it to avoid confusion. According to family legend, this was the only human-looking print he carved. Decades later (2008), the old homeplace was sold, and excavation began for a parking lot. Mr. Moore (((get details from musem))) asked for permission to use a metal detector on the site, and discovered this print. CT scans confirmed this to be a carved print, lacking the density variations displayed in a genuine print. After allowing detailed photography and CT scanning, the print was returned to the Adams family.
FIGURE 16: Delk footprint: The Delk was discovered in a tributary of the Paluxy River about a half mile upstream from the state park boundary. It appears to have been blasted out of its depository position along with other similar size fragments by a flash flood that was nozzled into an intense flow by a bridge foundation.
FIGURE 17: Leuders Permian Human Fossil footprint CT scans
REFERENCES:
* Many thanks to geologist Don Patton for his kind permission to reproduce the above. Also to Hugh Miller for the specific quotation from the tape of the debate between Dr. Duane Gish and Dr. Ernst Mayr held at the Bethyl Temple, Evansville Inddana at 7 PM, March 16, 1984.
Incredible fossil discoveries have been hidden and ignored, for over a century. John Watson did extensive research to get the truth about South CarolinaÃâs phosphate beds. They are filled with DINOSAURS-MEN-MAMMOTHS AND MANY MODERN ANIMALS. Also- remains of GIANT MEN were found there. 32 pp ISBN: 0-9700779-2-0
for information on this book and to order see www. mtblanco.com
For further research consider the following sites:
mosaic showing dinosaur
Depictions of dinosaurs
Evidence for a global flood
Acambaro Depictions of dinosaurs
Chesapeake boloide
dinosaur bones contain organic compounds by Mary Schweitzer 1997
ancient fossils with soft tissue
www.creationevidence.org.
Video of the Footprint C.T. scans:
this footprint c.t. scan website.
the following websites show interesting videos on petrified humans
video 1
video 2
video 3
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